Pierpont Morgan's 1911 purchase of an album of Persian and Mughal paintings from Sir Charles Hercules Read, Keeper of British and Medieval Antiquities at the British Museum, London, proved to be an important turning point in the history of the Morgan Islamic collection. Belle da Costa Greene, Morgan's librarian, accompanied by art historian and collector Bernard Berenson, first saw the paintings at the great exhibition of Islamic art in Munich the previous year. She wrote to Read that they were among the finest works exhibited there and that this important school should be represented in Morgan's collection, asking him to give Morgan the right of first refusal. The album was likely begun by Husain Khān Shāmlū, governor of Herat (r. 1598–1618), and possibly continued by his son and successor, Hasān Shāmlū (d. 1646). Many of the earliest paintings were made in Herat itself.
A seated youth with falcon
Attributed to Habib-Allāh Mashhadī (fl. 1595–1610)
Afghanistan, Herat, ca. 1600
378 x 241 mm
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837–1913) in 1911
MS M.386.1r
A seated courtier with his pet falcon.
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1911.
Ms. illuminated in Herāt, Afghanistan, ca. 1600.
The surround contains cuttings from a manuscript qasida by ʻUrfī in "-am rā".
Artist: possibly by Ḥabīb-Allāh al-Mashhadī (fl. 1595-1610).
Miniature measures 163 x 78 mm.
Calligraphy of Aḥmad al-Ḥusainī.
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1911.
Ms. written and decorated between 1528 and 1578.
Decoration: illuminated border.
Scribe: Aḥmad al-Ḥusainī (fl. 1528-d. 1578), who is named in the border.
Text box: 170 x 96 mm.
Surround is a tuyugh (quatrain).
An Uzbek prisoner.
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1911.
Ms. miniature; written and illuminated ca. 1600, probably in Herāt, Afghanistan.
The surround contains an alphabet in large 16th century letters which has been cut from a exercise-book manuscript.
Decoration: 1 miniature.
Miniature measures 175
A calligraphy of Shāh Maḥmūd al-Nīshāpūrī.
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1911.
Ms. written and illuminated between 1517 and 1571.
Text: unidentified Persian mas̤navī.
Decoration: illuminated border.
Scribe: Shāh Maḥmūd al-Nīshāpūrī (fl. 1517-1571).
Text box: 157 x 60 mm.
The cartouches are cut from manuscripts
A standing Uzbek youth with a coat tied around his hips.
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1911.
Ms. written and illuminated in Herāt, Afghanistan, ca. 1600.
Decoration: 1 miniature; illuminated border.
Artist: in the style of Muḥammad Muʼmin.
Text: an inscription in Persian at shoulders names Muḥammad Muʼmin as the artist and Ḥusain Kha
A calligraphy by Maḥmūd ibn Isḥāq al-Shihābī.
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1911.
Ms. written and illuminated in Persia, the second half of the 16th century.
Text: four lines of a mas̤navī by Sulṭān ʻAlī Mashhadi (fl. 1453-1514).
Decoration: illuminated border.
Scribe: Maḥmūd ibn Isḥāq al-Shihābī (fl. 1521-1585).
A seated youth putting on a falconer's glove as his pet falcon sits on his knee.
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1911.
Ms. illuminated in Herāt, Afghanistan, ca. 1600.
Miniature measures 140 x 90 mm.
Artist: in the style of Ḥabīb-Allāh Mashhadī.
The surround contains cuttings from a manuscript; the end of a Persian quatrain rhyming in "-ar gīrand".
A calligraphy by ʻAlī al-Ḥusainī.
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1911.
Ms. written and illuminated in Herāt, Afghanistan, or in Bukhara, in the first half of the 16th century.
Text: quatrain celebrating the Persian new year (Nauroz).
Decoration: illuminated borders.
Scribe: ʻAlī al-Ḥusainī (Mīr ʻAlī al-Ḥusain
A lady reclining after a bath.
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1911.
Ms. single leaf illuminated in Herāt, Afghanistan; probably in the 1590s.
Artist: ascribed in the illumination to Muḥammad Muʼmin.
Miniature measures 67 x 152 mm.
The surround contains a cutting from a manuscript, six lines of a Persian qasida
A calligraphy of Khalīl-Allāh.
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1911.
Ms. written and illuminated in Herāt, Afghanistan, in the third quarter of the 16th century.
Decoration: illuminated border.
Scribe: ascibed in the calligraphy as written by Khalīl-Allāh, who has been identified as Khalīl ibn Darvīsh Muḥammad
A qizilbash and his steed entangled by a dragon.
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1911.
Ms. illuminated in the mid 16th century.
Miniature measures 172 x 148 mm.
The surrounds contain cuttings from manuscripts; the large cartouches are Persian prose, probably from Anṣārī's Munājāt; the small cartouches are three lines of a Persain
Men drinking a mixture of wine and bang.
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1911.
Ms. illuminated in the first half of the 17th century, probably in Persia.
Copy of a Haravi composition of ca. 1580.
The surround is an unidentified Persian quatrain cut from a manuscript.
A Persian picnic.
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1911.
Ms. miniature cut from a manuscript, trimmed, and pasted to card; illuminated in Qazvīn or Iṣfahān, ca. 1600.
This fol. is the left half of a double-page frontispiece cut from a manuscript and mounted on an album leaf; the missing half would probabl
A calligraphy.
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1911.
Ms. written and illuminated in Persia, 17th century.
Text: prose preface to an unidentified treatise.
Decoration: illuminated border.
Text box: 213 x 135 mm.
A Persian youth in European costume.
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1911.
Ms. written and illuminated in Iṣfahān, in the third quarter of the seventeenth century.
Artist: Āqā Zamān; name inscribed on the illumination; he is probably a son of Muʻin̄ Muṣavvir.
Miniature measures 168 x 87 mm.
Men making and drinking a mixture of wine and bang.
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1911.
Ms. illuminated in the style of Herāt, Afghanistan, ca. 1600.
Miniature measures 164 x 84 mm.
A calligraphy of Shah Maḥmūd al-Nīshāpūrī.
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1911.
Ms. written and illuminated in Persia, second or third quarter of the 16th century.
Text: nine lines of an unidentified Persian mas̤navī.
Decoration: illuminated border.
Scribe: Shah Maḥmūd al-Nīshāpūrī.
The surround contains fragments
A youth flexing an exercise bow.
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1911.
Ms. single leaf miniature; written and illuminated in Herāt, Afghanistan, ca. 1600.
Artist: after Ḥabib-Allāh Mashhadī.
Miniature measures 130 x 75 mm.
The surround contains a line of unidentified Persian poetry.
A calligraphy by Maḥmūd.
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1911.
Ms. written and illuminated before 1585, probably in Persia.
Text: ten hemistichs of a Persian ghazal by Hilālī Chaghatāy (d. 1529).
Decoration: illuminated border.
Scribe: Maḥmūd, who signed the piece; this may be an abbreviation for Maḥmu
An aristocratic smithy.
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1911.
Ms. written and illuminated in Herāt, Afghanistan, ca. 1600.
Artist: after Ḥabib-Allāh Mashadī.
The surround contains a line of a Persian mas̤navī.
Miniature measures 127 x 95 mm.
A calligraphy of Shāh Maḥmūd al-Nīshāpūrī.
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1911.
Ms. written and illuminated in Persia, mid 16th century.
Text: Persian quatrain by Jāmī.
Scribe: Shāh Maḥmūd al-Nīshāpūrī.
Decoration; illuminated borders.
The surround contains cuttings from three manuscripts; the top and bottom larg
A youth adorns his turban with a flower.
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1911.
Ms. illuminated in Herāt, Afghanistan, ca. 1600.
The surrounds are cuttings from a manuscript; three quatrains.
Artist: after Ḥabīb-Allāh Mashhadī.
Miniature measures 165 x 86 mm.
A calligraphy.
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1911.
Ms. written and illuminated in Persia, second half of the 16th century.
Decoration: illuminated border.
Text: eight hemistichs from a ghazal by Saʻdī in "-ā rā" and six hemistichs from a ghazal by Saʻdī in "-ārān".
The surround contains cut
A seated dandy wrapped in a fur-lined coat.
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1911.
Ms. illuminated ca. 1600, probably in Herāt, Afghanistan.
The surround has Persian prose from Anṣarī's "Munājāt".
Miniature measures 159 x 113 mm.
Inhabited exotic foliage.
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1911.
Ms. written and illuminated in Persia and dated sana 1035 (i.e., 1625 or 1626).
Text: inscriptions read "sana 1035" and "ʻamal-i isdā az Harāt".
Artist: probably by Rīża ʻAbbāsī (Āqā Riz̤ā-ʼi ʻAbbāsī) and an assistant.
The surround is
A calligraphy by ʻAlī al-Ḥusaini.
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1911.
Ms. written and illuminated in Bukhara between 1528 and ca. 1543.
Text: four hemistichs of an unidentified Persian poem.
Contains a seal stamp which begins "Man raḥīm ...".
Decoration: illuminated border.
Scribe: ʻAlī al-Ḥusainī (Mīr ʻAl
Lovers observed by an astonished youth.
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1911.
Ms. written and illuminated in Persia, ca. 1630.
Text: inscriptions; that in the top left corner reads "dar kitābkhāna...sana..." ("in the library (of)...year..."); that in the bottom right corner reads "rāqimuhu Muḥammad Yūsuf al-Ḥusainī" ("the
A central Asian rider falls from his horse.
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1911.
Ms. illuminated ca. 1600, probably in Herāt, Afghanistan.
Miniature measures 109 x 185 mm.
A calligraphy of Aḥmad al-Ḥusainī.
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1911.
Ms. written and illuminated in Persia in the third quarter of the 16th century.
Text: an unidentified Persian poem.
Decoration: illuminated border.
A calligraphy.
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1911.
Ms. written and illuminated in Persia and dated 1001 (1592-1593).
Text: Persian quatrain by Sulṭān ʻAlī; dedication on the left side reads: jihat-i navvāb-i mustaṭāb-i khāni-i ʻālīshānī nivishta shud fi 1001 ("written in 1001 for his highnes
A calligraphy of Aḥmad al-Ḥusainī.
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1911.
Ms. written and illuminated in Persia, the third quarter of the sixteenth century.
Text: unidentified Persian ghazal.
Decoration: illuminated border.
Scribe: Aḥmad al-Ḥusainī.
The surround contains cuttings from two manuscripts; the large c
An archer on an aged horse.
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1911.
Ms. illuminated in Persia in the second quarter of the 16th century.
Artist: after Muḥammad ʻAlī ibn Malik Ḥusain, who flourished 1630-1660.
The surround is cut from a manuscript, probably of Anṣārī's "Munājāt".
Miniature measures 117 x 1
A calligraphy.
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1911.
Ms. written and illuminated in Persia, probably second half of the 16th century.
Text: Persian quatrain by Jāmī.
Decoration: illuminated border.
Text box: 186 x 98 mm.
The surround contains cuttings from three manuscripts; the top and bottom
A calligraphy.
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1911.
Ms. single leaf, written and illuminated in Persia probably in the second half of the sixteenth century.
Decoration: illuminated border.
Text: two lines of a Persian mas̤navī by Sulṭān ʻAlī Mashhadī and one line in Chaghatay Turkish.
Text bo
A calligraphy of Muʻizz al-Dīn Muḥammad al-Ḥusainī.
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1911.
Ms. written and illuminated in Persia; dated 988 (i.e., 1580-1581).
Text: two lines of an unidentified Persian ghazal in "-ān hama".
Text box: 210 x 95 mm.
A calligraphy by Yārī al-Kātib al-Haravi.
Purchased by J. Pierpont Morgan (1837-1913) in 1911.
Ms. written and illuminated in Persian in the third quarter of the 16th century.
Text: unidentified Persian poetry in "-ar dārad".
Decoration: illuminated border.
Text box: 173 x 87 mm.